新创建的虚拟机是没有root密码

调整屏幕尺寸

VMware创建Ubuntu桌面屏幕尺寸太小，可以用xrandr命令设置

root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# xrandr   #查看支持尺寸
root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# xrandr -s 1440x900    （是小写字母x）
#执行命令后会立即更改，所以直接去系统设置里更改保存一下分辨率

设置root密码

kenvie@kenvie-virtual-machine:~$ sudo passwd root
[sudo] kenvie的密码:
输入新的UNIX密码:
重新输入新的UNIx密码:
passwd: 已成功更新密码
kenvie@kenvie-virtual-machine:~$ su root
密码:
root@kenvie-virtual-machine:/home/kenvie# cd
root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# 

新创建的虚拟机也没有ssh

安装ssh并配置

安装ssh

root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# apt-get install -y openssh-server vim

编辑ssh配置文件，将PermitRootLogin prohibit-password 改为 PermitRootLogin yes

root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
PermitRootLogin yes  #只改这行
StrictModes yes

#重启ssh服务
root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# /etc/init.d/ssh restart 

更换国内源

备份自带Ubuntu源

root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# vim /etc/apt/sources.list

将以下内容粘贴到sources.list

# 阿里云源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
##测试版源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# 源码
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
##测试版源
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# 清华大学源
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
##测试版源
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# 源码
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
##测试版源
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

更新源

root@kenvie-virtual-machine:~# apt-get update 

解决Ubuntu开机提示：检测到系统程序出现问题

apt install libgksu2-0 gksu
gksu-properties   #在弹出的窗口中将验证模式改为`sudo`
gksu gedit /etc/default/apport  
#弹出apport属性设置文本文件，并将enabled=1 修改为enabled=0，然后保存，下次系统启动就不会在提示该问题了

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